Coastal House 'Breath' by Karm Architecture Lab: Living Structure Created from Desert and Sea

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Modern coastal architectural house with minimalist design and clean lines, located on a sandy beach by the ocean

On Egypt's eastern desert coast, the 'Breath' house by Karm Architecture Lab (KAL) offers an unusual perspective on sustainable living. Designed as a family resort, the house absorbs local traditions, geological history and biomimetic strategies to withstand harsh climate and celebrate the beauty of the Red Sea.

Built from the Desert Itself

The house is built from petrified coral limestone, which forms part of the surrounding landscape. Instead of extracting new stone, architects used waste from local quarries, reducing costs by nearly 40% and minimizing environmental impact. Thick walls measuring 45–60 cm, which bear structural load, regulate indoor temperature by absorbing and slowly releasing heat, functioning like the skin of a living organism.

These porous limestone walls also 'breathe'. During rapid temperature changes, condensation may form on the inner surface, cooling the house through a human sweating mechanism. Fossils of marine creatures are visible in the stone—reminders of the ancient seabed of the desert, turning walls into living geological stories.

Architecture That Breathes

The most notable feature of the house is its two ventilation towers. Acting as the 'lungs' of the house, one functions as a wind trap—pulling cool air inside, while the other works like a solar chimney—expelling hot air. These roles change throughout the day, creating a self-regulating system that reduces dependence on mechanical cooling.

Additional protective layers enhance the concept of breathing architecture. Coral limestone and bamboo screens protect the southern facade from the sun, while deep roof overhangs and projecting windows on the northern facade control heating and frame panoramic views of the Red Sea.

House Plan Inspired by a Crab

The dwelling unfolds according to a plan inspired by a crab, ensuring each room has continuous sea views. The compact yet porous layout creates natural air channels for fresh airflow. Three bedrooms and a spacious open area connect smoothly with shaded terraces, green spaces, and future gardens of local plants.

This compact design strategy not only supports thermal comfort but also strengthens the connection between interior and exterior space—especially important for a coastal resort.

Biophilia and Traditional Practices

The 'Breath' house embodies biophilia—the human desire for nature—integrating local materials, climate-adapted technologies and natural lighting into its structure. Courtyard tiles, shaded niches and transitional outdoor spaces recall traditional strategies adapted here for modern life.

Every design decision enhances comfort while respecting the harsh desert context. From ocean memories in limestone to towers that breathe with wind, the house behaves like a living organism—responsive, protective and deeply attuned to its environment.

Sustainable Model for the Future

With solar orientation, passive cooling, rainwater harvesting and local landscape architecture included, the 'Breath' house sets a standard for sustainable desert architecture. It demonstrates how ancient materials and modern ecological strategies can merge to create a home as durable as it is poetic.

For owners, this is a peaceful seaside resort and a living tribute to the endless dialogue between desert, sea, and architecture.

Photo © Farah Fahim, Hala Mahlouf Coastal House 'Breath' by Karm Architecture Lab: Living Structure Created from Desert and Sea